- What makes a course difficult?
- Research identifies: conceptual density (new abstract concepts per week), prerequisite depth (how much prior knowledge is assumed), cognitive load (how many things must be held in mind simultaneously), and assessment rigor (graded vs ungraded, open-book vs closed).
- Is difficulty the same as quality?
- No — poorly designed courses can be difficult due to poor explanation, not inherent content complexity. High quality courses scaffold difficulty appropriately, provide worked examples, and offer formative feedback. The goal is challenge at the learner's zone of proximal development.
- How many hours per week is typical for a college course?
- The Carnegie Unit assumes 3 credit hours per semester course = 3 hours in-class + 6 hours out-of-class = 9 hours/week. Research shows actual student time is often 5-7 hours — below the expected standard for most courses.